استراتژی‌های مورداستفادۀ مترجمان حرفه‌ای

مثال الف

متن مبدأ (کلسترال سوپر- بروشور هماه یک محصول حالت‌دهندۀ مو):

The rich and creamy KOLESTRAL — SUPER is easy to apply and has a pleasant fragrance.

متن مقصد (عربی):

کولسترال سوپر غنی و مکثف فی ترکیبته التی تمنح مستحضراً یشبه الکریما، مما یجعله فی منتهی السهوله لوضعه علی الشعر …

Kolestral super is rich and concentrated in its make-up which gives a Product that resembles cream, making it extremely easy to put on the hair.

مثال ب

متن مبدأ (کلسترال سوپر):

Shampoo the hair with a mild WEI-LA-SHAMPOO and lightly towel dry.

متن مقصد 1 (اسپانیولی):

Lavar el cabello con un champú suave de WEI-LA y frotar ligeramente con una toalla.

Wash hair with a mild WEI-LA shampoo and rub lightly with a towel.

متن مقصد 2 (عربی):

یغسل الشعر بشامبو من «ویللا» علی أن یکون من نوع الشامبو الملطف …

[ترجمۀ معکوس به زبان انگلیسی:]

The hair is washed with ‘wella’ shampoo, provided that it is a mild shampoo…

مثال ج

متن مبدأ (تاریخچۀ مختصری از زمان- هاوکینگ 1: 1988)

A well-known scientist (some say it was Bertrand Russe l) once gave a public lecture On astronomy. He described how the earth orbits around the sun and how the sun, in turn, orbits around the center Of a vast collection of stars called our galaxy.

متن مقصد (اسپانیولی):

Un conocido científico (algunos dicen que fue Bertrand Russell) daba una vez una conferencia sobre astronomía. En ella describía cómo la Tierra giraba alrededor del Sol y cómo éste, a su vez, giraba alrededor del centro de una vasta colección de estrellas concida como nuestra galaxia.

[ترجمۀ معکوس به زبان انگلیسی]:

A well-known scientist (some say that it was Bertrand Russell) once gave a lecture on astronomy. In it he described how the Earth revolved around the Sun and how the latter in its turn revolved around the centre of a vast collection of stars known as Our galaxy.

مثال د

متن مبدأ (مناطق حفاظت‌شدۀ پاندای چینی- متن صندوق چهانی برای طبیعت که به همراهش نمایش اسلاید وجود داد):

Today there may be no more than 1000 giant pandas left in wild. restricted to a few mountain strongholds in the Chinese provinces of Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu.

متن مقصد (چینی):

[ترجمۀ معکوس به زبان انگلیسی]:

Today there may be only 1000 big pandas which still remain in the wild state, restricted to certain mountains areas in China’s Sichuan. Shaanxi and Gansu.

مثال الف

متن مبدأ: (مورگان ماتروک- بروشور کارخانه سرامیک‌سازی)

Today people are aware that modern ceramic materials offer unrisalled properties for many of our most demanding industrial applications. So is this brochure necessary; isn’t the ceramic market already overbombarded with technical literature; why should Matroc add more? Because someone mumbles, ‘Our competitors do it.’ But why should we imitate our competitors when Matroc probably supplies a greater range of ceramic materials for more applications than any other manufacturer.

متن (مقصد ایتالیایی) (به علت طولانی بودن متن اصلی، در متن مقصد و همچنین ترجمه معکوس (جهت جلوگیری از اطناب) فقط نکته موردبحث ارائه‌شده است.م.):

Qualcuno soggcrisee: ‘i nostri concorrenti lo linno.’

[ترجمه معکوس به زبان انگلیسی]:

Someone suggests: ‘Our competitors do it.’

مثال ب

متن مبدأ (مطالعه اعمال جادوگری در ژاپن- بلاکر 315: 1975)

The shamanic practices we have investigated are rightly seen as an archaic mysticism.

متن مقصد (ژاپنی):

[ترجمه معکوس به زبان انگلیسی:]

The shamanic behaviour which we have been researching should rightly be considered as ancient mysticism.

مثال ج

متن مبدأ (مناطق حفاظت‌شده پاندای چینی)

Many Of the species growing wild here are familiar to us as plants cultivated in European gardens — species like this exotic lily.

متن مقصد (چینی):

[ترجمه معکوس به زبان انگلیسی:]

We are Very familiar with many varielics Of the wild life here, they are the kind grown in European gardens — varieties like this strange unique lily flower.

مثال د

متن مبدأ (مناطق حفاظت‌شده پاندای چینی):

The panda is something of a zoological mystery.

متن مقصد (چینی):

[ترجمه معکوس به زبان انگلیسی:]

The panda may be called a riddle in zoology.

مثال هـ

متن مبدأ (مناطق حفاظت‌شده پاندای چینی):

(i)    ‘The panda’s mountain home is wet and lush,

(ii)   The panda’s mountain home is rich in plant life …

متن مقصد (چینی):

[ترجمه معکوس به انگلیسی:]

The mountain habitat of the panda is wat and lush,

Thenountain settlements of the panda have rich varieties of plants

مثال و

متن مبدأ (داستان ردپاها بر روی برف، نوشت ماریو سولداتی:

Ma già, Oltle I tetti carichi di neve, a non piú di duecento metri dalla parte di Torino, si vedevano altissimifÛ geometrici, tutti quadrettati in mille finestre luminose el balconcini, i primi palazzi condominiali, case a riscatto, falansteri di operai e di impiegati;

متن مقصد (انگلیسی: «ردپاها بر روی برف»):

But already, beyond the snow;làden roof, and no more than two hundred met-res in the direction of Turin, there were to be seen towering, geometrical, chequered by a thousand lighted windows and balconies, the first joint-owned buildings, houses under mortgage, workers’ and clerks’ ugly blocks of flats.

مثال الف

متن مبدأ (تاریخچه مختصری از زمان- هاوکینگ 1: 1988):

A well-known scientist (some say it was Bertrand Russell) once gave a public lecture on astronomy. He described how the earth orbits around the sun and how the sun, in turn, orbits around the center of a vast collection of stars called our galaxy. At the end of the lecture, a little old lady at the back of the room got up and said: ‘What you have told us is rubbish. The world is really a flat plate supported on the back of a g iant tortoise.’ The scientist gave a superior smile before replying, ‘What is the

tortosie standing on You’re very clever, young man, very clever,” said the old lady. But it’s turtles all the way own!”

متن مقصد یونانی

Η Αλίκη στη Χώρα των Θαυμάτων έδινε κάποτε μία διάλεξη για την αστρονομία. Έλεγε ότι η Γη είναι ένας σφαιρικός πλανήτης του ηλιακού συστήματος που κινείται γύρω από το κέντρο του, τον Ήλιο, και ότι ο Ήλιος είναι ένα άστρο που, με τη σειρά του, κινείται γύρω από το κέντρο του αστρικού συστήματος, που ονομάζουμε Γαλαξία. Στο τέλος της διάλεξης, η Ντάμα την κοίταξε θυμωμένη με επιτιμητικό ύφος. «Αυτά πουλες είναι ανοησίες. Η Γη δεν είναι παρά ένα μεγάλο Τραπουλόχαρτο. Είναι λοιπόν επίπεδη σαν όλα τα Τραπουλόχαρτα.» της είπε, και στράφηκε περήφανα προς τα μέλη της συνοδείας της, που έδειχναν ικανοποιημένα από την εξήγησή της. Η Αλίκη χαμογέλασε υπεροπτικά. «Και σε ιστηρίζεται αυτό το Τραπουλόχαρτο;» ρώτησε με ειρωνεία. Η Ντάμα δεν έδειξε να αιφνιδιάζεται. «Είσαι έξυπνη, πολύ έξυπνη», απάντησε: «Μάθε λοιπόν μικρή μου πως αυτό το Τραπουλόχαρτο στηρίζεται σε ένα άλλο, και εκείνο το άλλο σε ένα άλλο άλλο, και εκείνο το άλλο άλλο σε ένα άλλο άλλο άλλο…». Σταμάτησε λαχανιασμένη. «Το Σύμπαν δεν είναι παρά μια Μεγάλη Τράπουλα», τσίριξε.

[ترجمه معکوس به انگلیسی:]

Alice in Wonderland was once giving a lecture about astronomy. She said that the earth is a spherical planet in the solar system which orbits around its centre the sun, and that the sun is a star which in turn orbits around the centre of the star system which we call the Galaxy. At the end of the lecture the Queen looked at her angrily and disapprovingly: ‘What you say is nonsense. The earth is just a giant playing card, so it’s flat like all playing cards,” she said, and turned triumphantly to the members of her retinue, who seemed clearly satisfied by her explanation. Alice smiled a superior smile, ‘And what is this playing card supported on?’ she asked with irony, The Queen did not seem put out, ‘You are clever, very clever,” she replied, so let me tell you, young lady, that this playing card is supported on another, and the other on another other, and the other other on another other other … She stopped, out of breatli, “The Universe is nothing but a great big pack of cards,” she shrieked.

مثال ب

متن مبدأ (کلکسیون پاتریک- بروشور منتشرشده توسط یک موزه اختصاصی اتومبیل‌های کلاسیک):

The Patrick Collection has restaurant facilities to suit every taste – from the discerning gourinct, to the Cream Teal expert.

متن مقصد ایتالیایی)

v di soddisfare tutti gusti: da quelli del gastronomo esigente a quelli dell’esperto di paasticceria.

ترجمه معکوس به انگلیسی

… to satisfy all tastes: from those of the deinancing gastronomist to those of the expert in pastry.

مثال ج

متن مقصد (ایتالیایی- خاکستر جنگ‌های گذشته نوشته گادا):

Poi, Siecome la serva di due piani sotto la sfringuellava al telefono coll’innamorato, assenti i padroni. si imbtzzi: prese a pestare i piedi sacripantando ‘porca. porca, porca. porca . finché la non inmise, che non fu molto presto.

متن مقصد (انگلیسی: «خاکستر جنگ‌های گذشته»):

Then. because the servant-girl two floors down was chattering at the telephone witli her young man, her employers being away* he lost his temper: and began to stamp his feet. bellowing ‘Bitch, bitch, bitch until she gave up, which was not very Soon.

مثال الف

متن مبدأ (کلکسیون پاتریک):

The Patrick Collection has restaurant facilities to suit every taste — from the discerning gourmet, to the Cream Tea expert.

متن مقصد (آلمانی):

vom anspmchsvollen Feinschmecker bis zum ‘Cream-Tea’Experten.

 [ترجمه معکوس به انگلیسی:]

from demanding gourmets to ‘Cream-Tea’-experts.

مثال ب

متن مبدأ (کلسترول سوپر):

The rich and creamy KOLESTRAL-SUPER is easy to apply and has a pleasant fragrance.

متن مقصد (عربی):

کولسترال سوپر غنی و مکثف فی ترکبیته التی تمنح مستحضراً یشبه الکریما …

[ترجمه معکوس به انگلیسی:]

Kolestral- super is rich and concentrated in its make-up which gives a product that resembles cream …

مثال ج

متن مبدأ (مناطق حفاظت‌شده پاندای چینی):

There is strong evidence, however, that giant pandas are related to the bears.

متن مقصد (چینی):

[ترجمه معکوس به انگلیسی:]

But there is rather strong evidence that shows that big pandas have a kinship relation with the bears.

مثال د

تن مبدأ (کلکسیون پاتریک):

As well as our enviable location, other facilities include an excellent Conference and Arts Centre, gourmet restaurant, and beautiful terraced gardens.

متن مقصد (فرانسوی):

Outre une situation enviable, le Musée prévoil également un Centre de Conférence et des Arts, un restaurant gourmand et de magnifiques jardins implantés en terrasse.

[ترجمه معکوس به انگلیسی:]

Besides its enviable location. the museum equally provides a Conference and Arts Centre, aßourmet restaurant and magnificent gardens created in a terrace.

مثال الف

متن مبدأ (بهترین فروشند مرموز، مقاله منتشره در د ایندیندنت، نوامبر 1988):

In the words of a Lonrho affidavit dated 2 November 1988, the allegations…

متن مقصد (عربی):

و حسب النص الوارد فی افاده کتابیه مشفوعه بیمین قدمتها موسسه لونرو بتاریخ 2 نوفمبر 1988، فان الادعاءات…

[ترجمه معکوس به انگلیسی:]

According to the text of a written communication supported by an oath ptesented by the Lonrho organization and dated 2 November 1988, the allegations …

مثال ب

متن مبدأ (کاخ و سیاست در ژاپن قبل از جنگ- تیتوس 11: 1974):

If the personality and policy preferences Of the Japanese empemr were not Very relevant to prewar politics, social certainly werv. There are two reasonsfor giving them only the most tangential ttultment here.

متن مقصد (ژاپنی):

[ترجمه معکوس به انگلیسی:]

There are two reasons not having treated social power in this book except to a very slight degree of referring <to it>.

مثال ج

متن مبدأ (برینتونز- جزوه منتشره توسط کارخانه فرش‌بافی، 1986):

They have a totally integrated operation from the preparation of the yarn to the yern through to the weaving process.

متن مقصد (عربی):

هذا و تقوم الشرکه بتنفیذ جمیع خطوات النتاج بمصانعها، من اعداد الخیوط الی نسجها…

[ترجمه معکوس به انگلیسی:]

The company carries out all steps of production in its factories, from preparing the yarn to weaving it…

مثال د

متن مبدأ (کلکسیون پاتریک):

You can even dine ‘alfresco’ in the summer on our open air terrace.

متن مقصد (آلمانی):

Im Sommer können Sie auch auf der Terrasse im Freien sitzen und essen.

[ترجمه معکوس به انگلیسی:]

In the summer you can also sit and eat on the terrace in the open.

مثال هـ

متن مبدأ (مطالعه اعمال جادوگری در ژاپن- بلاکر 315:‌1975)

On the basis of the world view uncovered by the shaman’s faculties, with its Vision Of another and miraculous plane which could interact causally with our own, the more advanced mystical intuitions of esoteric Buddhism were able to develop.

متن مقصد (ژاپنی):

[ترجمه معکوس به انگلیسی:]

… with the image of another miraculous dimension which can causally influence each other mutually with the daily world …

مثال و

متن مبدأ (مناطق حفاظت‌شده پاندای چینی):

…  the lower mixed broadleaf forests of the lowland area … are the places where human beings enter most easily and interfere most.

متن مقصد (چینی):

[ترجمه معکوس به انگلیسی:]

… the mixed broadleaf forests of the lowland area… are the places where human beings enter enter most easily and interfere most.

مثال الف

متن مبدأ (کلکسیون پاتریک):

This is your chance to remember the way things were, and for younger visitors to sec in real-life detail the way their parents, and their parents before them lived and travelled.

متن مقصد (فرانسوی):

Voici I’occasion de retrouver votre jeunesse (qui sait?) et pout les plus jeunes de voir comment leurs parents et grands- parents vivaient et voyageaient.

[ترجمه معکوس به انگلیسی:]

Here is the chance to rediscover your youth (who knows?) and for the younger ones to see how their parents and grandparents used to live and travel.

تمرین ب

متن مبدأ (مناطق حفاظت‌شده پاندای چینی):

The panda’s mountain home is rich in plant life and gave us many of the trees, shrubs and herbs most prized in European gardens.

متن مقصد (چینی):

[ترجمه معکوس به انگلیسی:]

The mountain settlements of the panda have rich varieties of plants, There are many kinds of trees, shrubs and herbal plants that are preciously regarded by European gardens.

مثال ج

متن مبدأ (برینتونز):

The recently introduced New Tradition Axminster range ‘s already creating great interest and will be on display at the Exhibition.

متن مقصد (عربی):

اثارت مجموعه «نیو ترادیشین اکسمنستر» درجه عالیه من الاهتمام منذ أن قامت الشرکه بتقدیمها حدیثا، و هی من ضمن أنواع السجاد التی ستم عرضها بالعرض.

[ترجمة معکوس به انگلیسی:]

The New Tradition Axminster’ collection has aroused a high degree of interest since the company introduced it recently, and it is among the typesof carpets which will be displayed in the exhibition.